Fig. 2: Forest plot illustrating effect of probiotics on short-term weight gain in preterm infants.

Meta-analysis showed that probiotic supplementation was associated with better short-term weight gain (p = 0.02). Subgroup analysis showed better short-term weight gain (p = 0.04) in single-strain supplemented infants. This analysis was conducted using a random effects model. CI confidence interval, I2 heterogeneity, IV inverse variance, SE standard error.