Table 4 Quality assessment using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS).
Author | Year | Study design | Selection | Comparability | Outcomes | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lee et al. | 2020 | Case-control | **** | ** | ** | Good |
Ford et al. | 2009 | Case-control | **** | ** | *** | Good |
Al-Ani et al. | 2017 | Case-control | **** | ** | *** | Good |
Bagattoni et al. | 2022 | Case-control | **** | ** | *** | Good |
Nakagawa Kang et al. | 2019 | Cohort | *** | ** | *** | Good |
Franco et al. | 2023 | Cohort | *** | ** | ** | Good |
Bastos et al. | 2007 | Cohort | ** | ** | ** | Fair |
Boyer et al. | 2023 | Cohort | *** | *** | Poor | |
Souza et al. | 2012 | Cohort | *** | ** | *** | Good |
Silva et al. | 2019 | Cohort | *** | ** | ** | Good |
Ntani et al. | 2015 | Cohort | *** | ** | *** | Good |
Ządzińska et al. | 2016 | Cohort | *** | ** | * | Poor |
Aktoren et al. | 2010 | Cohort | **** | ** | Poor | |
Lim et al. | 2022 | Cohort | *** | * | * | Poor |
Hanioka et al. | 2018 | Cross-sectional | ** | ** | ** | Fair |
Sagawa et al. | 2021 | Cross-sectional | ** | ** | ** | Fair |
Velló et al. | 2010 | Cross-sectional | *** | ** | ** | Good |
