Fig. 3: Trends and distribution of NVL ASDRs by SDI, 1990–2021.

Where expected values based on SDI and disease rates across all locations are shown as the black line. A For each GBD region, 32 data points are plotted, representing the observed ASDRs from 1990 to 2021; B Each point represents the observed ASDR for a specific country in 2021.