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Comment on: ‘Photobiomodulation-induced choriocapillaris perfusion enhancement and outer retinal remodelling in intermediate age-related macular degeneration: a promising therapeutic approach with short-term results’

Eye (2025)Cite this article

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Viggiano et al. recently reported the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on patients with intermediate age-related macular degeneration (AMD) [1]. They observed improvements in choriocapillaris perfusion and reduced drusen volume in a non-randomised cohort. Similar findings have been described in other studies assessing visual acuity and drusen volume [2, 3]. This growing body of evidence highlights the promise of PBM but also underscores the need for more robust designs.

In this particular study, controls were defined as patients who declined PBM treatment despite being offered it [1]. This design introduces potential selection bias, as the decision to refuse treatment may reflect factors such as personal health priorities, socioeconomic constraints, or functional status, which could independently influence outcomes. Thus, the control group may not be directly comparable to the intervention group.

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References

  1. Viggiano P, Boscia G, Clemente A, Laterza M, Termite AC, Pignataro MG, et al. Photobiomodulation-induced choriocapillaris perfusion enhancement and outer retinal remodelling in intermediate age-related macular degeneration: a promising therapeutic approach with short-term results. EYE. 2025;39:2057–63. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-03805-2.

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  2. Nassisi M, Mainetti C, Paparella GR, Belloni Baroni L, Milella P, Leone G, et al. Short-term efficacy of photobiomodulation in early and intermediate age-related macular degeneration: the PBM4AMD study. EYE. 2024;38:3467–72. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03326-4.

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  3. Boyer D, Hu A, Warrow D, Xavier S, Gonzalez V, Lad E, et al. LIGHTSITE III: 13-month efficacy and safety evaluation of multiwavelength photobiomodulation in nonexudative (dry) age-related macular degeneration using the Lumithera Valeda Light Delivery System. Retina. 2024;44:487–97. https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000003980.

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  4. Rodriguez DA, Song A, Bhatnagar A, Weng CY. Photobiomodulation therapy for non-exudative age-related macular degeneration. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 2025;65:47–52. https://doi.org/10.1097/IIO.0000000000000543.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grupo de investigación en Visión y Salud Ocular (VISOC), Hospital Universitario del Valle, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia

    Wilder Yesid Giraldo-Suarez & Francisco Javier Bonilla-Escobar

  2. Oftalmosanitas Cali S.A.S., Cali, Colombia

    Wilder Yesid Giraldo-Suarez & Edgar Lozano-Cruz

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Francisco Javier Bonilla-Escobar

  4. Fundación Somos Ciencia al Servicio de la Comunidad, Fundación SCISCO/Science to Serve the Community Foundation, SCISCO Foundation, Cali, Colombia

    Francisco Javier Bonilla-Escobar

  5. Servicio de Oftalmología, Grupo de Investigación en Visión y Salud Ocular, VISOC, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia

    Edgar Lozano-Cruz

  6. Clínica de Oftalmología de Cali, Cali, Colombia

    Edgar Lozano-Cruz

Authors
  1. Wilder Yesid Giraldo-Suarez
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  2. Francisco Javier Bonilla-Escobar
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  3. Edgar Lozano-Cruz
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Correspondence to Wilder Yesid Giraldo-Suarez.

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Giraldo-Suarez, W.Y., Bonilla-Escobar, F.J. & Lozano-Cruz, E. Comment on: ‘Photobiomodulation-induced choriocapillaris perfusion enhancement and outer retinal remodelling in intermediate age-related macular degeneration: a promising therapeutic approach with short-term results’. Eye (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-025-04177-3

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