Table 1 Summary of currently available studies on suPAR, neopterin, and fecal IgA immune biomarkers in both captive and free ranging primates.
From: Taxonomic variation in immune response strategies among primates
Biomarker | Species | Population | Location | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Neopterin | Bonobo (Pan paniscus) | captive | several European zoos | [52] |
Neopterin | Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) | captive | several European zoos | [52] |
Neopterin | Barbary macaque (Macaca sylvanus) | semi-free ranging | Affenberg Salem, Germany | [53] |
Neopterin | Tufted capuchin (Sapajus apella) | captive | Language Research Center, Georgia State University, USA | [54] |
Neopterin | White-faced capuchin (Cebus imitator) | free ranging | Taboga Forest Reserve, Costa Rica | [54] |
Neopterin | Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) | free ranging | Kibale National Park, Uganda | [55] |
Neopterin | White-faced capuchin (Cebus imitator) | free ranging | Taboga Forest Reserve, Costa Rica | [56] |
Neopterin | Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) | free ranging | Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire | [57] |
Neopterin | Bonobo (Pan paniscus) | free ranging | LuiKotale, Salonga National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo | [58] |
Neopterin | Gelada (Theropithecus gelada) | free ranging | Guassa Community Conservation Area, Ethiopia | [59] |
Neopterin | Mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx) | free ranging | Lékédi Park, Gabon | [60] |
suPar | Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) | captive | German Primate Center, Germany | [61] |
suPar | Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) | free ranging | Cayo Santiago, Puerto Rico | [63] |
IgA | Yellow baboon (Papio cynocephalus) | free ranging | Amboseli Baboon Research Project, Kenya | [66] |
IgA | Sichuan golden monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) | captive | Shanghai Wildlife Zoo, China | [67] |
IgA | Cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) | captive | Bogor Agricultural University Primate Research Center, Indonesia | [68] |
IgA | Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) | free ranging | Gombe National Park, Tanzania | [69] |
IgA | Barbary macaque (Macaca sylvanus) | semi-free ranging | Affenberg Salem, Germany | [70] |
IgA | Red fronted lemur (Eulemur rufifrons) | captive and free ranging | Magdeburg Zoo, Germany and Kirindy Forest, Madagascar | [71] |
