Table 1 Baseline characteristics
From: Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with primary hypertension: a study from south India
Parameters | Hypertensive (n = 400) | Controls (n = 400) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Male | 255 (63.7%) | 259 (63.7%) | 0.9 |
Mean age | 52.4 ± 4.43 | 53.1 ± 5.12 | |
Age range | 40–57 | 40–57 | |
Diabetics | 140 (35%) | 160 (42%) | 0.1 |
Smoking | 24 (6%) | 35 (8.75%) | 0.1 |
Alcoholics | 65 (16.2%) | 78 (19.5%) | 0.2 |
Dyslipidemia | 136 (34%) | 120 (30%) | 0.2 |
≤24.9 BMI (kg/m2) | 290 (73.5%) | 314 (78.5%) | 0.1 |
25–30 BMI (kg/m2) | 80 (20%) | 64 (16%) | 0.1 |
Obesity ≥30.1 BMI (kg/m2) | 30 (7.5%) | 22 (5.5%) | 0.1 |
CRP positive | 168 (42%) | 103 (25.7%) | <0.001 |
Vitamin D deficiency | 164 (40.2%) | 111 (27.7%) | =0.0001 |
Mean vitamin D levels | 20.5 ± 6.3 | 26.6 ± 9.0 | <0.0001 |
Mean serum calcium (mg/dL) | 8.1 ± 2.1 | 9.1 ± 1.9 | <0.0001 |
Mean serum phosphorous (mg/dL) | 3. 1 ± 1.9 | 4.9 ± 0.9 | <0.0001 |
Mean alkaline phosphatase (μ/L) | 128.4 ± 35.1 | 91.1 ± 22.1 | <0.0001 |
Elevate alanine transaminase (ALT) levels | 120 (30%) | 80 (20%) | 0.0015 |
Elevate aspartate transaminase (AST) levels | 98 (24.5%) | 75 (18.7%) | 0.06 |
Mean parathyroid hormone (pg/ml) | 71.9 ± 12.8 | 52.7 ± 11.4 | <0.0001 |
Family history of hypertension | 120 (30%) | 97 (24.2%) | 0.08 |
Seasonal variations | |||
Summer | 229 (57.2%) | 241 (60.2%) | 0.1 |
Winter | 171 (42.7%) | 159 (39.7%) | 0.1 |
