Table 1 Characteristics of patients included in the Japan Morning Surge-Home Blood Pressure (J-HOP) nocturnal blood pressure study (follow-up)
Overall (n = 2236) | Sleeping hours | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<6 h/night (n = 183) | ≥6 and <9 h/night (n = 1884) | ≥9 h/night (n = 169) | p value | ||
Age, years | 63.0 ± 10.3 | 60.1 ± 10.6 | 62.8 ± 10.2 | 69.2 ± 9.8 | <0.001 |
Male, % | 1126 (50.4) | 69 (37.7) | 949 (50.4) | 108 (63.9) | <0.001 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.3 ± 3.5 | 25.3 ± 4.1 | 24.3 ± 3.4 | 23.6 ± 3.2 | <0.001 |
Current smoker, % | 264 (11.8) | 23 (12.6) | 218 (11.6) | 23 (13.6) | 0.694 |
Diabetes, % | 560 (25.0) | 47 (25.7) | 465 (24.7) | 48 (28.4) | 0.552 |
Past history of cardiovascular disease, % | 290 (13.0) | 22 (12.0) | 238 (12.6) | 30 (17.8) | 0.153 |
Antihypertensive drugs, % | 1852 (82.8) | 156 (85.2) | 1543 (81.9) | 153 (90.5) | 0.011 |
Calcium channel blocker | 1134 (50.7) | 93 (50.8) | 948 (50.3) | 93 (55.0) | 0.502 |
ACE inhibitor | 146 (6.5) | 9 (4.9) | 121 (6.4) | 16 (9.5) | 0.201 |
Angiotensin receptor blocker | 1173 (52.5) | 97 (53.0) | 971 (51.5) | 105 (62.1) | 0.030 |
Diuretic | 650 (29.1) | 47 (25.7) | 538 (28.6) | 65 (38.5) | 0.014 |
α-Blocker | 109 (4.9) | 11 (6.0) | 93 (4.9) | 5 (3.0) | 0.394 |
β-Blocker | 343 (15.3) | 26 (14.2) | 289 (15.3) | 28 (16.6) | 0.828 |
Statin use, % | 526 (23.5) | 42 (23.0) | 451 (23.9) | 33 (19.5) | 0.424 |
Aspirin use, % | 392 (17.5) | 30 (16.4) | 317 (16.8) | 45 (26.6) | 0.005 |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 204.9 ± 32.2 | 206.6 ± 32.6 | 204.7 ± 32.2 | 204.6 ± 32.9 | 0.749 |
HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 58.4 ± 15.7 | 58.3 ± 15.0 | 58.5 ± 15.9 | 56.9 ± 14.8 | 0.449 |
Blood pressure, mmHg | |||||
Office SBP | 140.0 ± 15.3 | 141.0 ± 16.0 | 139.6 ± 15.2 | 142.7 ± 15.0 | 0.029 |
Office DBP | 81.9 ± 10.2 | 83.6 ± 10.3 | 81.9 ± 10.2 | 80.8 ± 10.4 | 0.031 |
Morning home SBP | 136.0 ± 14.7 | 137.9 ± 14.2 | 135.5 ± 14.5 | 139.7 ± 16.9 | <0.001 |
Morning home DBP | 79.3 ± 9.6 | 81.4 ± 9.4 | 79.2 ± 9.5 | 77.8 ± 10.1 | 0.002 |
Evening home SBP | 128.7 ± 14.2 | 131.3 ± 13.3 | 128.3 ± 13.9 | 130.2 ± 18.0 | 0.009 |
Evening home DBP | 72.9 ± 9.3 | 75.8 ± 9.4 | 72.8 ± 9.2 | 70.9 ± 10.0 | <0.001 |
Nighttime home SBP | 121.1 ± 14.7 | 123.7 ± 13.7 | 120.7 ± 14.6 | 122.5 ± 17.0 | 0.015 |
Nighttime home DBP | 70.0 ± 8.8 | 72.1 ± 9.0 | 69.8 ± 8.7 | 69.1 ± 9.3 | 0.001 |
Good sleep quality, %a | 1063 (47.5) | 73 (39.9) | 920 (48.8) | 70 (41.4) | 0.017 |
