Fig. 5

Conservation across the HPeV genus. We used the selected HPeV1 library to derive a Bernoulli plot for a representative of the HPeV3 group (GQ183026), which is most distal from the HPeV1 group from the point of view of VP1-VP4 conservation (Supplementary Fig. 6). The number of nucleotide matches of the HPeV3 genome to the selected HPeV1 library is remarkable: with up to 15,000 nucleotide matches for higher peaks and smaller peaks between 1000 and 2000, as opposed to a maximum of 8000 for the higher peaks and 1000–3000 for the lower peaks in HPeV1, indicating that a similar recognition motif is likely to occur also in HPeV3. Consistent with this, sequence fragments ±20 nucleotides around the peak nucleotides can fold into secondary structures that reveal the characteristic GxU motif in the loop of a stem-loop