Fig. 6

Single-cell profiling of Ring1A/B dKO mES cells’. PRCr show substantial derepression after Ring1A/B dKO. The mean expression change at PRCa genes is lower than that at PRCr and, in contrast, is higher than that at active genes. Comparison of noise levels shows that there is a more pronounced decrease in noise levels at PRCa genes compared to active genes. Gene expression profiles of some important genes for ESC biology are shown. Key pluripotency transcription factors Klf4 and Tbx3 are more expressed and less noisy in Ring1A/B dKO cells. Other transcriptional regulators such as Hmga2 and Hdac2 become upregulated after dKO. Consistently, key differentiation markers such as Gata4, Gata6 are upregulated. Among active pluripotency factors, Oct4 and Sox2 show minor changes in expression (mean expression levels are not significantly different), and Nanog and Esrrb are upregulated