Fig. 5

Relationship between trends in ice concentration and ocean temperature at depth for the model driven by climatological winds. a Correlation between 1979–2013 trends in ice concentration and ocean temperature at depth for the model driven by climatological winds. Gray areas show the depths at which the correlations are significant at the 95% confidence level. b Mean depth-dependent ocean temperature trends (model-based, same simulation) over Ross Sea areas where ice concentration trends are positive and considered significant, i.e., larger than 3% dec⁻¹, the typical interval of confidence for ice concentration trends. At each depth, the horizontal bar represents standard deviation around the spatially averaged trends