Fig. 8

Cellular AMPK signaling occurs independently of α1-pThr172. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA with post hoc Dunnett’s multiple comparison test. a Immunoblots for α2-pThr172 and pACC from α1/2-dKO iMEFs-expressing α2 WT or T172A mutant, stimulated with 2 mM phenformin and/or 100 μM A-769662 for 1 h. n = 3, representative immunoblots shown. Error bars, mean pThr172 and pACC (fold change vs. untreated WT α2-expressing cells) ± s.e.m. ***P < 0.001, **P > 0.01, *P < 0.05 indicate significant increase compared to basal WT α2 cells. ^#### P > 0.0001, ^## P < 0.01 indicate significant increase compared to basal α2(T172A) cells. b Immunoblots for β1-pSer108 and ULK1-pSer555 from α1/2-dKO iMEFs-expressing α2 T172A mutant, stimulated with 2 mM phenformin and 100 μM A-769662 for 1 h. n = 3, representative immunoblots shown. Error bars, mean Ser108 and Ser555 phosphorylation (arbitrary units) ± s.e.m. ***P < 0.001, *P < 0.05 indicate significant increase compared to basal. ^# P < 0.05 indicates significant increase compared to phenformin treated