Fig. 3

Titration curve describing the force-dependent effect of the trigger factor concentration on the folding probability of protein L. We monitor the change in the folding probability of protein L at increasing TF concentration for different forces. The sigmoidal dependence of the folding probability with the TF concentration reveals the cooperative effect of TF on protein L under force. Inset shows the half maximal concentration K eff 1/2, showing a strong non-linear dependence of the TF effective affinity with the force. Data points are calculated as described above, using >3000 s, and over more than three molecules per force. Errors bars are s.e.m