Fig. 4 | Nature Communications

Fig. 4

From: Synchronized conductivity modulation to realize broadband lossless magnetic-free non-reciprocity

Fig. 4

Millimeter-wave circulator based on conductance modulation. a Schematic of the circulator: three λ/4 transmission line sections with ports in between are wrapped around the ideal gyrator that is shown in Fig. 3a. The gyrator is designed to provide a non-reciprocal ±π/2 phase shift at 25 GHz via modulation at 8.33 GHz. For the sake of symmetry, the gyrator is placed in the middle of one λ/4 section. b Analytically computed scattering parameters for the circulator

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