Fig. 2

Glucose triggers activation of Ras and apoptosis in tps1∆ cells. a Ras-GTP level before and 10 min after addition of glucose (glu) to cells grown on galactose (gal). The strain expressing Ras2 ^val19 was grown on glucose. Total Ras = Ras-GDP + Ras-GTP. Quantification of the signals as Ras-GTP level/total Ras level compared to the ratio for wild type or tps1∆ on galactose set at 1.0. The values were determined through quantification by densitometry and are expressed as relative arbitrary units. b Specific cytochrome c release from the mitochondria after addition of glucose to wild type and tps1∆ strain. M, mitochondrial fraction; SN, post-mitochondrial supernatant; Anti-CyC, anti-cytochrome c antibody; Anti-Cox2, cytochrome oxidase 2 antibody; C: control cytochrome c or cytochrome oxidase 2. c Annexin-V-FITC/propidium iodide staining 2h after addition of glucose to cells grown on galactose. Green colored fluorescence originates from annexin staining, red colored fluorescence represents propidium iodide binding to DNA of death cells. The scale bar is 250 μm. d Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation 2 h after addition of glucose to cells grown on galactose. ROS was stained with the dye dihydrorhodamine 123. DIC, differential interference contrast image. The scale bar is 125 μm