Fig. 5
From: Highly efficient broadband terahertz generation from ultrashort laser filamentation in liquids

Nonlinear absorption in an open-aperture z-scan in doped silicon. Transmitted broadband terahertz signal (normalized with respect to the minimum) through LR-Si as a function of the distance along the axis of the focus F1 (z = 0 is the focus) for terahertz radiation generated from two-color filamentation of air (red squares), and single-color filamentation of acetone (blue circles) at 10 mJ. Terahertz signal transmitted through HRFZ-Si (dark-red diamonds) as a function of z is shown for reference. Each data point is averaged over 16 acquisitions and the average and standard deviation are recorded. The error bars are obtained using the relation: error in the normalized scale = average value normalized to the minimum × standard deviation/average