Fig. 1

GBM patients co-expressing EGFR and IL-13Rα2 correlate to poor survival where the overexpression of IL-13Rα2 alone leads to enhance cell migration but not proliferation. Kaplan−Meier survival analysis of a all gliomas patients; b GBM patients from REMBRANDT database from National Cancer Institute (USA). Patients overexpressing EGFR mRNA by 2-fold (blue) with high (red), intermediate (yellow) and low (green) levels of IL-13Rα2 expression were shown. The log-rank p-values were indicated. c Kaplan−Meier survival plots for patients expressing high YKL-40 mRNA levels TCGA. High IL-13Rα2 expression group (red) and low IL-13Rα2 expression group (blue) were determined by aggregating all patients whose z-score normalized expression was above or below 0, respectively (Log-rank test p-value = 0.0374). Immunoblotting analysis showed the expression of EGFR and IL-13Rα2 protein levels were determined from d a panel of 10 patient-derived GBM e and the isogenic cell lines generated from Gli36 glioma cells. Pan-actin or β tubulin served as internal loading controls. f Cell proliferation and g Cell cycle analysis were performed with Gli36 and Gli36.IL-13Rα2 cells h Soft agar colony formation assay was performed, Gli36.EGFRvIII was used as a positive control. i In vitro migration and j invasion assays were determined in Gli36 and Gli36.IL-13Rα2 cells. All data are represented as mean ± SEM, unpaired t-test **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; NS not significant