Fig. 4
From: Impacts of hemispheric solar geoengineering on tropical cyclone frequency
Observed and simulated Tropical cyclone frequency. a Historical tropical cyclone (TC) frequencies, smoothed by a 10-year simple moving average, for ERA-I28, the ensemble mean of the HadGEM2-ES HIST simulations and HURDAT2 observations29. b The same as a but for the RCP4.5 and SAI simulations. The box and whisker plots (right) show the 10, 25, 50, 75 and 90% quantiles of the HIST (‘H’, 1950–2000), RCP4.5 (‘R’, 2020–2070) and SAI (2020–2070) raw annual TC frequency. G4 refers to a global SAI scenario, G4NH refers to a northern hemisphere SAI scenario, and G4SH refers to a southern hemisphere SAI scenario. Vertical dotted lines at years 2020 and 2070 (b) indicate the start and cessation of solar geoengineering, respectively
