Fig. 4

Characterization of the contact area produced on bare Si3N4 ball surface. The corresponding superlubricity test paired with a-C:H (ACF-1) surface is shown in Supplementary Fig. 6. a BF-STEM image showing a carbonaceous tribolayer of ~ 5 nm thickness in situ generated on the ceramic ball surface. (Inset) FFT image derived from the square dashed box demonstrating the mainly amorphous nature of the formed tribolayer. b The corresponding false-color displayed BF-STEM image for a. Scale bars in a and b, 2 nm. c Evolution of C-K and N-K EELS core-edge spectra recorded across the tribolayer as marked in a