Fig. 4
From: Atomic-resolution three-dimensional hydration structures on a heterogeneously charged surface

Experimental local hydrations around the step edge. a, b Topographic image (a) and structural model (b) of the clinochlore (001) surface reconstructed from 3D Δf data (Δf = 290 Hz). Red dots represent the adsorbed water molecules on the first layers on the T and BI regions. c Perpendicular 2D force maps extracted from the 3D force data along the broken lines P–Q and R–S in a. Scale bars: 1 nm (a, b) and 0.3 nm (c)