Fig. 1

Maps of study area. Modern oxygen concentrations in μmol kg−1 21 with the locations of Pacific Ocean records of bottom water oxygen as recorded by aU from ML1208-17PC (this study) (diamond), RC11-238 and RC13-14013 (dots), TT013-PC7237, 38 (square), ODP Site 849 and MD97-213813, 29 (inverted triangles) and ODP Site 88212 (triangle) (inset only). Inset shows the approximate position of the oxygen concentration cross section in the context of the Pacific Ocean a. b Modern Δ14C concentrations21 with the location of radiocarbon data sets from TTN013-PC1817 (open triangle) and GS7202-15, PLDS 7G, VNTR01 10 GC, KNR73 3PC, KNR73 4PC, KNR73 6PG, and S67 15FFC39 (open circles). Note that the other ML1208 core sites discussed in this manuscript are at approximately the same longitude and depth as site 17PC. Basemaps made using Ocean Data View72