Fig. 1
HIF-1α is present in the human endometrium at menstruation and reduced in women with HMB. a The human menstrual cycle. E2 estradiol, P4 progesterone. b Western blot and densitometry for HIF-1α in nuclear protein extracts from endometrial samples taken at different phases of the menstrual cycle. (n = 1–3 biological replicates per stage of cycle). c HIF-2α western blot of endometrial nuclear protein extracts from across the menstrual cycle (Representative image from n = 3 biological replicates per stage of cycle.). d HIF-1α protein blot and densitometry in menstrual phase endometrium from women with NMB (n = 4) and HMB (n = 4). *P < 0.05, unpaired t-test. e VEGF and CXCR4 mRNA concentrations in endometrium from women with HMB and NMB at each stage of the menstrual cycle. ***P < 0.001, two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparison’s test. f Duration of bleeding in days for women with objectively measured NMB and HMB. **P < 0.01, unpaired t-test. Box and whisker plots: box represents upper and lower quartiles with horizontal line representing the median, whiskers represent minimum and maximum values. M menstrual, P proliferative, ES early secretory, MS mid secretory, LS late secretory. HMB=heavy menstrual bleeding, >80 ml; NMB=normal menstrual bleeding, <80 ml. Uncropped western blots included in Supplementary Fig. 8
