Fig. 6
From: Revealing hole trapping in zinc oxide nanoparticles by time-resolved X-ray spectroscopy
Structural changes. a Schematic of the ZnO structure without the oxygen vacancy, which is the dominant structure probed in the ground state, and (b) structural distortion around the \(V_{\mathrm{O}}^{2 + }\) vacancy, which occurs upon the trapping of a hole at a \(V_{\mathrm{O}}^ +\) vacancy and the corresponding outward displacement of the four nearest neighbour Zn atoms (Zn1–4) by ~15%
