Fig. 4
From: High-performance graphdiyne-based electrochemical actuators
Actuation mechanism of graphdiyne materials. a Schematic for actuation strain of graphdiyne when encountering electric stimulus. b Alkene–alkyne complex transition mechanism in one graphdiyne unit. c Linear strain of graphdiyne, graphene, and carbon nanotube films under various applied voltages by SECM method. Inset shows TEM images of the three materials. d Strain retention of theoretical value of the three materials
