Fig. 6

Induction of anti-bacterial response and bone damage by exFoxp3T_H17 cells. a Micro-CT analysis of periodontitis-induced bone loss in Il6ra^flox/flox mice (n = 9) or Il6ra^flox/flox Foxp3-Cre mice (n = 8). The upper red dotted line indicates the cementoenamel junction and the lower red dotted line indicates the alveolar bone crest. b Number of osteoclasts in the maxilla of periodontitis-induced Il6ra^flox/flox mice (n = 5) or Il6ra^flox/flox Foxp3-Cre mice (n = 4), pooled from two independent experiments. c Total bacterial load determined by analyzing the tuf gene copy number in ligatures collected from Il6ra^flox/flox mice (n = 6) or Il6ra^flox/flox Foxp3-Cre mice (n = 4). d Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of Il17a, Tnfsf11, Il6, Il1b, Defb1, Defb4, Cxcl1, and Cxcl2 transcripts in the periodontal tissues collected from periodontitis-induced Il6ra^flox/flox mice (n = 5) or Il6ra^flox/flox Foxp3-Cre mice (n = 6). The data were obtained from duplicated experiments. e Bacterial composition (major phylum; class) of DNA collected from ligatures of Il6ra^flox/flox mice (n = 8) or Il6ra^flox/flox Foxp3-Cre mice (n = 20). f Abundance of γ-proteobacteria in the bacterial DNA collected from the ligatures of Il6ra^flox/flox mice (n = 8) or Il6ra^flox/flox Foxp3-Cre mice (n = 20). g Differences in the bacterial communities between Il6ra^flox/flox mice (n = 8) and Il6ra^flox/flox Foxp3-cre mice (n = 20). PCo1: principal coordinate 1; PCo2: principal coordinate 2. The data were pooled from more than three independent experiments (e–g). PERMANOVA comparisons of the weighted UniFrac distances are shown. All data are shown as the mean ± s.e.m. Statistical analyses were performed using Student’s t-test (a–d and f) or PERMANOVA of the weighted UniFrac distances (g). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.005