Fig. 4

ZIr bidirectionally modulates conditioned freezing response. a Experimental paradigm for fear conditioning and testing of learned freezing response. b Percentage of time freezing during presentations of CS alone without and with activation of ZIr. ***p < 0.001, two-sided paired t-test, n = 10 animals. c Percentage of time freezing during presentations of CS alone without and with suppressing ZIr. **p = 0.005, two-sided paired t-test, n = 7 animals. d Percentage of time freezing at each presentation of CS during extinction training with (green) and without (black) suppressing ZIr. Scale bar = s.e., n = 5 for ArchT and 7 for control. e Modulation index calculated for each animal (as the ratio of freezing time between the last and first trial) for the GFP control and ArchT suppression group. ***p = 0.004, two-sided unpaired t-test, n = 5 for ArchT and 7 for control. Solid symbol represents mean ± s.d. for all panels