Fig. 3
From: GS9 acts as a transcriptional activator to regulate rice grain shape and appearance quality
Histological comparison of the spikelet hulls between NIL-gs9 and Nipponbare. a Spikelet hulls before anthesis. The white dashed line indicates the sites of the cross-sections shown in b. Scale bar, 1 mm. b Cross-sections of spikelet hulls. The right-hand images show close-up views of the boxed region. Scale bar, 100 μm. The black arrows indicate the lower epidermis cells. c Magnified views of the cross-sections indicated in b. The black and blue arrows indicate the rows of specialized cells with rigid walls and the lower epidermis cells, respectively. Scale bar, 50 μm. Spikelet perimeter (d), cell number (e), and cell area (f) of palea and lemma. Data are given in means ± SD, with three biological replicates. ** significant difference (P < 0.01, t-test). g Scanning electron microscopy of the outer surfaces of the glumes. Scale bar, 50 μm. h The cell length in longitude. Data are given as means ± SD; n = 15. NS not significant difference (t-test)
