Table 2 Summary of experiments and Arctic ice shelf mass balance

Figure	Climate	Eurasian Ice Sheet	Ocean factor	h_calv (m)	Mean shelf thickness (m)	Shelf volume (10⁶ km³)	Flux in (Gt year⁻¹)	Flux out (Gt year⁻¹)	SMB (Gt year⁻¹)	Ocean melt (Gt year⁻¹)
3a	MIS6 (T2)	Svendsen04	1.0	100	833	3.54	460	−470	370	−380
3b, 1b, 5a	MIS6 (T1)	Svendsen04	1.0	100	1070	4.42	950	−660	240	−570
3c	MIS6 (T1)	Unconstrained	1.0	100	1173	4.76	1110	−710	230	−660
3d	MIS6 (T1)	Unconstrained	1.0	100	254	0.79	–	–	–	–
–	MIS6 (T2)	Unconstrained	1.0	100	917	3.88	660	−600	370	−450
5b	MIS6 (T1)	Svendsen04	1.0	100	1029	4.32	1020	−720	240	−540
S2a	MIS6 (T2)	Svendsen04	0.5	100	1052	4.30	490	−640	370	−270
S2b	MIS6 (T2)	Svendsen04	2.0	100	617	2.68	410	−320	360	−470
S2c	MIS6 (T2)	Svendsen04	4.0	100	433	1.89	440	−190	350	−540
S2d	MIS6 (T2)	Svendsen04	8.0	100	253	1.09	400	−80	260	−500
S1a	LGM	Hughes16	1.0	150	–	–	–	–	–	–
S1b	LGM	Hughes16	1.0	125	–	–	–	–	–	–
S1c, S1d	LGM	Hughes16	1.0	100	–	–	–	–	–	–
S3	LGM	Hughes16	1.0	100	940	3.93	940	−640	110	−460

All ice sheet parameters are as ref. ²², unless otherwise shown. Small differences in surface mass balance (SMB) between some simulations that have the same input climate are caused by different areal extents of the ice shelf. Note that variability in the flux of ice into and out of the Arctic Basin due to ice stream activity (see Fig. 4) means that mass balance values may not sum to zero, although the ice shelf thickness has reached equilibrium. For ease of interpretation, mass balance values are rounded to the nearest 10 Gt year⁻¹. Svendsen04 is the >140 ka Eurasian Ice Sheet extent of ref. ⁶¹ and Hughes16 is the ‘best-estimate’ maximum extent of the Eurasian Ice Sheet during the last glacial cycle, from ref. ³⁰
T1 is a climate simulation with LGM equivalent North American Ice Sheets, T2 is a climate simulation with approximate MIS6 North American Ice Sheets, following Ref. ²³

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