Table 1 Shigella sp. isolates used in this study

From: Horizontal antimicrobial resistance transfer drives epidemics of multiple Shigella species

Species/Serotype

Isolate set

Reference

Selected

Function in this study

Number

S. flexneri 2a

English representative subsample, 2008–2014

This study

Representatively 9% (32 of 368 cases) of travel, 18% (147 of 820 cases) of non-travel-associated cases

Primary data set under study

179

French representative subsample, 2009–2014

This study

Representative of isolates received

Determine whether English MSMA sublineages were present internationally

40

S. sonnei

English representative subsample, 2008–2014

This study

Representatively 3% (45 of 1539 cases) of travel, 8% (142 of 1751 cases) of non-travel-associated cases. Age-restricted (16–60 years old) to explore circulation in adults.

Primary data set under study

187

French representative subsample, 2009–2014

This study

Representative of isolates received

Determine whether MSMA sublineages were present internationally

75

UK 2015/16 MSMA clusters

22

Identified as MSMA clusters, see reference

Determine whether MSMA sublineages identified in English representative subsample remained in circulation in 2015/16

50

S. flexneri 3a

MSMA sublineage isolates

19

Representatively 20% of all isolates, see reference

Used to examine the horizontal transmission of pKSR100

206

    

Total

737

    

Total (this study)

481

  1. English isolates were supplied by the Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit at Public Health England, London. For the English representative subsample, non-travel-associated isolates were intentionally over-represented and travel-associated isolates were included to provide temporally-relevant context. French isolates were supplied from the French National Reference Centre for E. coli, Shigella and Salmonella at the Institut Pasteur, Paris