Fig. 2

Solvent-induced shape programming. a Bending a polymer film by depositing solvent onto a pre-strained film. Scale bar: 5 mm. b Illustration and photographs of the dot pattern by depositing two drops of THF onto a pre-strained film. Scale bar: 5 mm. c Illustration and photographs of the square pattern by depositing THF with a square pattern onto a pre-strained film. Scale bar: 5 mm. d A bent five-point star could wrap a ball inside. The picture on the right is a model structure. Scale bar: 5 mm. e Reshaping a flat butterfly to a 3D “flying” butterfly. Scale bar: 5 mm. The picture on the right is a model structure. f A bended windmill reshaped from a flat film with pre-cuts. The picture on the right is a model structure. Scale bar: 5 mm. g A complex fish-like 3D shape reprogrammed by solvent. The picture on the right is a model structure. Scale bar: 1 cm