Fig. 1

Lentiviral CREB expression in cortical pyramidal neurons. a Schematic shows location of stroke area (red) and two lentivirus injections (green) in the peri-infarct area. b Atlas-based²² schematic of location of lentivirus injection (green) and stroke (red). c Left: Lenti-CREB-eGFP in peri-infarct cortex at the time of stroke, 7 days after injection and after stroke induction. Transfected cells form a column in cortex. Top is the pial surface, bottom is the white matter. Scale bar = 300 μm. Right panels: CREB-eGFP staining (green, infected cell) in peri-infarct tissue, co-localize with NeuN staining (orange) 4 weeks after stroke. Scale bar = 50 μm. d Stereological quantification of motor cortex CREB-induced cells (CREB-eGFP+ cells) relative to the whole motor cortex neuronal pool (NeuN+ cell ± SEM). n = 4 (eight brain sections for each mouse). e Immunohistochemical staining in peri-infarct M1 in mice transfected with control virus (green, tdtomato-eGFP) overlapping with NeuN staining (orange) 4 weeks after stroke. Scale bar = 50 μm. f Left: immunohistochemical staining in peri-infarct M1 in mice transfected with Lenti-Creb-eGFP (green) overlapping with NeuN staining (purple); Middle: immunohistochemical staining showing inhibitory neurons (GAD67, glutamate decarboxylase 67); Right: immunohistochemical staining showing that there are very rare Lenti-CREB infected cells that double stain for GAD67, 4 weeks after stroke. Scale bar = 100 μm. M1 primary motor cortex, M2 secondary motor cortex, S1 primary somato sensory cortex