Fig. 5
From: Out-of-equilibrium microcompartments for the bottom-up integration of metabolic functions
Controlling the metabolic state. a Bulk kinetics. NADH concentration versus time (t) of solutions containing NADH (500 μM), IMVs (7.2 × 108 vesicles per mL), G6PDH (0 (red) or 0.1 (green and yellow) U mL−1) and G6P (0.5 mM). Control solution without IMVs in black. At t = 6 h, addition of 0.2 mM (green) or 2 mM (red, yellow and black) G6P. Error bars are defined as s.d. (N = 3). b–c Energizing microcompartments. b Principle. Compartmentalized self-sustained reactions are maintained out-of-equilibrium in presence of G6P. Microcompartments at the thermodynamic equilibrium (“sleeping state”) can be fed with chemical energy by addition of G6P from the surrounding environment (picoinjection). Scale bar 30 μM. c NADH concentration versus time (t) of 30 pL w/o droplets containing NADH (500 μM), G6PDH (0 (red) or 0.1 U mL−1) (yellow and green), G6P (0.5 mM) and IMVs (0 (black) or 20 vesicles per droplet) after 6 h incubation and picoinjection of 0.2 mM (green) or 2 mM (yellow, black, and red) G6P. Error bars are defined as s.d. (N = 5000). Reactions are performed in NaOH-Tricine buffer (100 mM, pH 8.0) with MgCl2 5 mM
