Fig. 2

Electrochemical performance of polyaniline-intercalated MnO₂ nanolayers. a Cyclic voltammetry curves of the coin-type cell (Zn/polyaniline (PANI)-intercalated MnO₂) using 2 M ZnSO₄ + 0.1 M MnSO₄ aqueous electrolyte at 0.1 mV s⁻¹. b Typical galvanostatic charge/discharge curves at 50 mA g⁻¹ between 1.0 and 1.8 V of the cell. c, d Rate performance and charge/discharge profiles of the cell tested with the charge/discharge current densities varying from 200 to 3000 mA g⁻¹. e Cycling performance in terms of specific capacity (red) and the corresponding coulombic efficiency (blue) at a current density of 200 mA g⁻¹