Table 1 Prevalence of variants that have previously been associated with P. vivax drug resistance
Gene | Chr. | Positions | Mutation | Drug | Sabah frequency | Sabah K2 frequency | Sabah K3 frequency | Thailand frequency | Indonesia frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MDR1 | 10 | 479,908 | F1076L | CQ | 98% (50/51) | 100% (26/26) | 100% (17/17) | 50% (54/104) | 100% (104/104) |
(PVP01_1010900) | 10 | 480,207 | Y976F | CQ, AQ + SP | 94% (48/51) | 100% (26/26) | 100% (17/17) | 13% (14/104) | 100% (104/104) |
| Â | 10 | Copy number variant | 2+ copies | MQ | 0% (0/49) | 0% (0/26) | 0% (0/17) | 19% (20/104) | 0% (0/84) |
DHFR-TS | 5 | 1,077,530; 1,077,532 | F57L/I | Antifolate, AQ + SP | 96% (46/48) | 100% (26/26) | 100% (15/15) | 91% (88/97) | 81% (71/88) |
(PVP01_0526600) | 5 | 1,077,533; 1,077,534; 1,077,535 | S58R | Antifolate, AQ + SP | 34% (17/50) | 0% (0/26) | 69% (11/16) | 100% (104/104) | 99% (97/98) |
|  | 5 | 1,077,543 | T61M | Antifolate, AQ + SP | 25% (13/51) | 0% (0/26) | 67% (10/15) | 91% (90/99) | 81% (71/88) |
|  | 5 | 1,077,711 | S117N/T | Antifolate, AQ + SP | 25% (12/48) | 100% (26/26) | 100% (17/17) | 100% (102/102) | 99% (87/88) |
|  |  |  | Double mutant | Antifolate, AQ + SP | 73% (35/48) | 100% (26/26) | 33% (5/15) | 1% (1/89) | 17% (15/87) |
|  |  |  | Triple mutant | Antifolate, AQ + SP | 2% (1/48) | 0% (0/26) | 0% (0/15) | 0% (0/89) | 0% (0/87) |
|  |  |  | Quadruple mutant | Antifolate, AQ + SP | 25% (12/48) | 0% (0/26) | 67% (10/15) | 99% (88/89) | 82% (71/87) |
DHPS | 14 | 1,270,401 | A553G | Antifolate | 92% (46/50) | 100% (26/26) | 100% (17/17) | 98% (98/100) | 18% (16/91) |
(PVP01_1429500) | 14 | 1,270,911 | A383G | Antifolate | 96% (48/50) | 100% (26/26) | 100% (17/17) | 100% (104/104) | 97% (99/102) |
