Fig. 6

In vitro hemostatic capacity evaluation of the cryogels. a In vitro dynamic whole-blood-clotting evaluation of the cryogels and controls. The blank group without any hemostatic agents showed the slowest blood-clotting speed and the highest BCI (blood-clotting index) after 150 s. Compared with blank group, gelatin sponge group showed more than a 14% decrease in BCI after 150 s (P < 0.05), while gauze group showed significantly deceased BCI compared to gelatin sponge at each time point (P < 0.001). b SEM images of hemocyte adhesion on the cryogels and controls. Scale bar: 300 µm for ×500; Scale bar: 100 µm for ×2000; Scale bar: 40 µm for ×5000. c SEM images of platelet adhesion on the gauze (ci), gelatin hemostatic sponge (cii), QCSG/CNT0 (ciii), QCSG/CNT2 (civ), QCSG/CNT4 (cv), and QCSG/CNT6 (cvi), respectively. Scale bar: 15 µm. The error bars stand for s.e.m. (n = 3)