Fig. 4

IMD ameliorated the inflammatory response. a–d IMD40 (0.5 mg/kg), or IMDinh (1 mg/kg), or anti-IMD mAb (2.5 mg/kg) was injected into WT or IMD−/− mice 1 h before CLP or sham surgery. The blood samples were harvested 9 h after surgery. The concentration of IL-1β (a), IL-6 (b), TNF-α (c), and MCP (d) was determined by ELISA. e–h The macrophage profile on steady state of blood, spleen, bone marrow, and peritoneum. Gating strategy: using CD11b and F4/80 to identify the macrophage. The lowest panels: the macrophage profile (%) was presented as scatter plots with mean ± SEM (n = 5 mice). i–l The peritoneal macrophages were isolated from WT or IMD−/− mice, and tested for cytokine productions after the stimulation of LPS. m, n The macrophage infiltration in liver and lung 9 h after surgery was quantified. Number of macrophages per field was presented as scatter plots with mean ± SEM using 15 randomly chosen fields from three mice. Significance was assessed by Mann–Whitney test (e-h) or Kruskal–Wallis test followed by non-parametric Dunn’s post-hoc analysis (a–d, m, n)