Fig. 4

Overlap of disease and treatment associations in the gut microbiota. a Heatmap of the correlation between disease status and medication use status across the cohort. All non-significant correlations (FDR < 0.05) are coloured white. Rows and columns are ordered by hierarchical clustering of correlation coefficients. b Plot of the correlation between the significantly correlated disease–medication pairs in A versus the overlap between their associations with the gut microbiota. Showing there are cases where both correlation and overlap are high, but also those where there can be high overlap independent of correlation and vice versa. For clarity, specific examples that are discussed in the study are highlighted. A complete annotation is available in Supplementary Fig. 6