Fig. 3
Reconstruction of the ionization time for direct electrons. a Experimentally measured two-color phase, extracted along p⊥ = 0 (blue circles) together with the CCSFA prediction (gray squares). The red dashed curve describes the experimental results after removing the oscillation associated with the ATI rings. b The reconstructed Re{t0} (red) and the CCSFA’s Re{t0} (gray) as a function of p|| for p⊥ = 0. The difference between the classical curve (blue dashed line) on the one hand, and the CCSFA curve and the experimental results on the other, reflects that the ionization times are confined to a substantially narrower range in the quantum mechanical picture. An estimation of the error bars is explained in Supplementary Note 5
