Table 1 List of parameters
Symbol | Meaning | Unit | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
Global parameters | |||
H | Box height | km | 3000 |
ΔT | Potential temperature drop | K | 1300 |
T pot | Potential temperature | K | 1573 + ΔTpot |
ΔTpot | Temperature increase | K | (−50 to 200) |
ρ 0 | Surface reference density | kg m−3 | 3300 |
g | Gravity | m s−2 | 9.8 |
α 0 | Surface thermal expansion | K−1 | 3 × 10−5 |
κ | Thermal diffusivity | m2 s−1 | 10−6 |
μ 0 | Reference viscosity | Pa s | μeff(z = 0,T = Tpot) |
C P | Heat capacity | J kg−1 K−1 | 1250 |
R | Gas constant | J mol−1 K−1 | 8.314 |
Rheological model parameters | |||
Diffusion creep | |||
A diff | Pre-exponential upper mantle | Pa s | 1.87 × 109 |
Pre-exponential lower mantle | 2.29 × 1014 | ||
E diff | Activation energy upper mantle | J mol−1 | 3 × 105 |
Activation energy lower mantle | 2 × 105 | ||
V diff | Activation volume upper mantle | m3 mol−1 | 5 × 10−6 |
Activation volume lower mantle | 1.5 × 10−6 | ||
Δμlower/upper | Viscosity jump | - | 10 |
Byerlee’s plastic deformation | |||
f c | Friction coefficient | - | 0.2 |
σ max | Maximum yield strength | MPa | 300 |
σ 0 | Surface yield strength | MPa | 20 |
Mantle phase transition parameters | |||
γ ol-wd | Clapeyron slope ol-wd transition | MPa K−1 | (2.5 to 5) |
γ rw-pv+mw | Clapeyron slope rg-pv+mw transition | MPa K−1 | (−0.5 to −3) |
z ol-wd | Central ol-wd transition depth | km | 410 |
z rw-pv+mw | Central rw-pv+mw transition depth | km | 670 |
d ol-wd | ol-wd transition width | km | 20 |
d rw-pv+mw | rg-pr+mw transition width | km | 20 |
T ol-wd | ol-wd transition potential temperature | K | T pot |
T rw-pv+mw | rg-pr+mw transition potential temperature | K | T pot |
Δρol-wd | ol-wd transition density contrast | kg m−3 | 250 |
Δρrw-pv+mw | rg-pr+mw transition density contrast | kg m−3 | 350 |
