Table 1 Raman mode frequencies computed for reaction products and selected intermediates from reaction schemes in Fig. 4

From: In situ formation of catalytically active graphene in ethylene photo-epoxidation

Products

Vibrational mode

VI (cm−1)

IX (cm−1)

CH2 wag

1025

1023, 1216

Ring stretch

1125, 1147

1126, 1151

CH2 wag and ring stretch

1170

1171

Ring stretch

1279

1278

CH2 scissor

1517, 1539

1536, 1553

C–H stretch

3116, 3147, 3231

3155, 3162, 3254

H2O related

NA

1654, 3373, 3749

Graphene related

1344, 1586, 1662

1363, 1584, 1652

Intermediates

Vibrational mode

IV (cm−1)

V (cm−1)

VII (cm−1)

C–C/C–O stretch

1106

1040

897, 1056

CH2 wag

1157

1133, 1165

1093, 1326

CH2 wag

1306, 1401

1264, 1286

1151, 1204

CH2 scissor

1475

1415

1489

C–H stretch

3023, 3160, 3295

3030, 3058, 3103

3065, 3176, 3333

Graphene related

1340, 1576, 1653

1349, 1580, 1657

1365, 1581, 1664

  1. Those modes observed in in situ SERS studies are shown in bold