Fig. 9
From: Chromatin regulates IL-33 release and extracellular cytokine activity
Model of regulation of IL-33 cytokine activity by chromatin. In live cells, IL-33 remains within the nuclei of epithelial cells due to IL-33 binding to histones. In response to necrotic stimuli, the integrity of the plasma and nuclear membranes is lost, yielding only partial retention of IL-33. Over time, there is slow release of IL-33 from the necrotic cells, either as a monomer or in complexes with chromatin. Released IL-33 and histones then synergize to induce ST2 signaling and downstream gene expression from ST2-expressing cells. IL, interleukin; ST2, suppressor of tumorigenicity 2
