Fig. 1

Syntenic intergenic regions show divergent DNA methylation in rodent and human oocytes. a Evolutionary distance between rat, human, and the two mouse strains used in this study (adapted from http://timetreebeta.igem.temple.edu/). b Density plots depicting the distribution of DNAme in mouse, rat, or human oocytes. The percentage of each genome with low (<30%) or high (>70%) DNAme is indicated in red. DNAme domains were identified using Changepoint analysis. c Proportion of hypermethylated (>70% DNAme) genome-wide 1 kb bins in genic or intergenic regions. Total number of bins with sufficient coverage: mouse: 934,621 genic/1,132,257 intergenic; rat: 794,069 genic/1,195,429 intergenic; human: 1,024,005 genic/1,132,257 intergenic. d Heat map of the correlation between DNAme patterns in oocytes or sperm over 433,111 syntenic genomic regions (1 kb bins with >5× coverage over >5 CpGs in all 3 species). e Venn diagrams showing the overlap in hypermethylated (>70% DNAme) syntenic genomic regions (1 kb bins). Methylated bins in syntenic intergenic regions are more divergent than those overlapping an annotated gene (mm10, rn6, or hg19 Ensembl annotation) in all three species. f Genome browser screenshot of the Pik3c3 locus in mouse oocytes. Note the presence of de novo DNAme and H3K36me3 coincident with the predicted intergenic transcription units. Mouse and human WGBS datasets (described in the data summary table) are from refs. ^11,12,16