Fig. 3

GVHD-protective effect of SCFAs is mediated by GPR43. WT B6 and Gpr43^−/− mice received BMT from either syngeneic B6 or allogeneic BALB/c donors. a, b Survival and clinical GVHD score after BMT for WT B6 recipients treated with vehicle or GPR43 agonists (10 mg kg⁻¹ per day) from day 0 to day 21 (n = 5 each syngeneic, n = 10 each allogeneic, log-rank test for survival, two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test for GVHD Score). c, d Survival and clinical GVHD score after BMT for Gpr43^−/− recipients treated with vehicle or GPR43 agonists (10 mg kg⁻¹ per day) from day 0 to day 21 (n = 5 each syngeneic, n = 8 allogeneic-vehicle, n = 10 allogeneic-Agonist, log-rank test for survival, two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test for GVHD Score). e–g Body weight change on day 21 after BMT, survival and clinical GVHD score after BMT for WT B6 recipients treated with vehicle, butyrate or propionate from day 0 to day 21 (e, n = 6 vehicle, n = 9 butyrate, n = 9 propionate, f, g, n = 5 each syngeneic, n = 6 vehicle, n = 6 butyrate and propionate each, log-rank test for survival, two-tailed unpaired t-test for body weight change and two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test for GVHD Score). h, i Survival and clinical GVHD score after BMT for WT B6 and Gpr43^−/− recipients treated with vehicle or butyrate (10 mg kg⁻¹ per day) from day 0 to day 21 (n = 5 syngeneic each, n = 5 allogeneic WT-Vehicle and Gpr43^−/−-Butyrate, n = 6 allogeneic WT-Butyrate and Gpr43^−/−-Vehicle, log-rank test for survival, two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test for GVHD Score). j, k Survival and clinical GVHD score after BMT for WT B6 and Gpr43^−/− recipients treated with vehicle or propionate (15 mg kg⁻¹ per day) from day 0 to day 21 (n = 5 syngeneic each, allogeneic WT-Vehicle and Gpr43^−/−-Propionate, n = 4 allogeneic Gpr43^−/−-Vehicle, n = 6 allogeneic WT-, log-rank test for survival, two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test for GVHD Score). Data are representative of three experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, error bars show the mean ± s.e.m.