Fig. 3
From: Enhanced voltage generation through electrolyte flow on liquid-filled surfaces

Enhanced streaming potential at liquid-filled surfaces. Enhanced streaming potential (Vs) was obtained by a filling the grooves with salt water immiscible oil, e.g., Krytox GPL 104, (scale bar is 100 μm); b a significantly larger Vs was obtained for an GPL 104 oil-filled surface (i.e., GPL0.5, with the subscript now indicating the interstitial fraction of oil), compared to one with air (Air0.5) and even compared to a Flat solid substrate (all measured using 0.1 mM L−1 NaCl solution with applied pressure as 1200 Pa). c The Vs could be larger or smaller compared with the control air-filled surfaces (AFS), depending on the choice of the liquid in the LFS, e.g., GPL oil and castor oil (Castor0.5), respectively