Fig. 4
Hygroscopic growth and CCN activity of secondary organic material derived from the photooxidation of the anthropogenic compounds toluene and dodecane. a Mass-based hygroscopic growth factors measured as a function of relative humidity. Dashed lines show modeled results using constant values of κ based on the experimental data. b sc–dm,dry data measured for SOM particles derived from photooxidation of toluene and dodecane. Dashed lines show the predicted CCN activity based on the average values of κ measured at subsaturation. c Hygroscopicity parameter κHGF calculated from results shown in a. d Effective hygroscopicity parameter κCCN calculated based on the size-resolved CCN measurements for the surface tension of water
