Fig. 8
Membrane tension and vinculin. a Tether forces in WT (Vin +/+) or vinculin-null MEFs (Vin −/−) treated with LG186 (to inhibit GBF1-mediated CG pathway) compared to the control treated cells (total number of cells = 20 (Vin +/+), 25 (Vin +/+ with LG186), 25 (Vin −/−) and 29 (Vin −/− with LG186)). Vinculin-null cells show a higher basal membrane tension compared to WT MEF, while inhibiting the CG pathway drastically reduced membrane tension in both cell lines. Box plot shows median, 25th and 75th percentile, and whiskers show the standard deviation. Individual data points are overlaid on box plot where each data point is the tether force per cell. The ‘n’ indicates total number of cells in each condition pooled from two different experiments; *p < 0.001 by Mann–Whitney U test. b Feedback inhibition description provides a model for robust feedback control of membrane tension that involves slow activation and fast inhibition. To provide robust feedback control, tension set point γs should be compared to the instantaneous tension γout and compensate for the difference. See supplementary information (Supplementary Note 1) for detailed description of the mechanochemical model
