Fig. 2

Observations of environmental conditions, relative phytoplankton biomass, POM concentrations, and ratios across the eastern tropical Indian Ocean. a Sea surface temperatures; b nitrate concentrations as shaded background and nutricline depth (depth with 1 µM [NO3]) marked by light blue dots; c Phytoplankton absolute biomass; d particulate organic carbon (POC); e particulate organic nitrogen (PON); f particulate organic phosphorus (POP); g POC:POP (C:P); h POC:PON (C:N); and i PON:POP (N:P). In panels d–i, averages of analytical triplicates are marked by black dots, the red line represents an 8-sample moving average, and elemental ratios are molar. First and last 4 end points are averaged over fewer than 8 points. For bacteria and phytoplankton: Bact(dark green) = Heterotrophic bacteria, Pro(greenblue) = Prochlorococcus, Syn(orange) = Synechococcus, and Euks(cyan) = Eukaryotes