Fig. 5
Mechanostretch induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and tissue remodelling in Achilles tendon. a Biological deregulated functions of achilles tendon samples from C57BL/6 voluntary running compared to control mice are shown in a treemap. The most important biological deregulated functions include cellular movement, cell to cell signalling and interaction and connective tissue (and bone) disorders and development. Colors indicate the activation z-score of processes: activated processes are colored with a differend kinds of red according to degrees of activation (from low (dark red) to high level (light red)), while inhibited processes are colored in green. Sizes of squares are proportional to −log (p-values). b Expression validation of genes that are highly upregulated in voluntary running deregulated biological functions (C57BL/6 tendons) in TNF∆ARE micro-dissected tendons under voluntary running or control conditions and validation in healthy- and RA synovial tissue. Increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine induction related to myeloid cell recruitment as well as genes related to osteoclasts, tissue remodeling or complement regulatory pathway under running conditions. Color scale is defined below figure ranging from dark blue (low expression values) to magneta (high expression values), MWU, * shows significance meaning p < 0.05 or more
