Fig. 2
Variation in seed and seedling diversity and CNDD at different distances from the forest edge. Inverse Simpson diversity of a seeds arriving in seed traps (N = 146) and b seedlings that recruited into adjacent 1 m2 control plots (N = 146) at increasing distances from forest edge. Larger values indicate higher diversity. Points represent mean values per edge-distance and error bars show 95% confidence intervals for the means. E0 through E3 represent increasing distances from the forest edge. Letters denote significant pairwise differences in seed and seedling diversity among edge categories estimated using linear mixed-effects models. Panel c depicts mean strength of conspecific density dependence during seed-to-seedling transition observed in control plots (N = 146) at increasing distances from the forest edge. Points represent strength of CNDD estimated using hierarchical Bayesian analysis and error bars provide 95% Bayesian credible intervals. Dotted line represents no CNDD (slope = 1)
