Table 3 Mean cortisol as a percent change from baseline (baseline-corrected) and standard error (± SE) for fin, humpback, and blue whales in the N. Hemisphere as related to location (ocean basin), sex, estimated age (years), and life span
From: Baleen whale cortisol levels reveal a physiological response to 20th century whaling
Species | Location | Sex | Age estimates (years) | Lifespan | Mean %BL cortisol ± SE | %BL cortisol range | %BL cortisol r2 slope |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fin | Pacific | M | 35 | 1929.5–1964 | 99.9 ± 7.5 | 2.6–187.7 | 0.67 |
Pacific | M | 33.5 | 1928.5–1961.5 | 43.3 ± 5.6 | 9.7–198.7 | 0.20 | |
Atlantic | M | 22.5 | 1933–1955 | 39.9 ± 2.4 | 1.2–67.9 | 0.13 | |
Atlantic | M | 38.5 | 1871.5–1909.5 | 48.2 ± 2.5 | 7.8–103.7 | 0.08 | |
Atlantic | F | 13 | 1943.5–1956 | 29.1 ± 3.6 | 7.4–78.2 | 0.02 | |
Atlantic | F | 19 | 1936.5–1955 | 68.8 ± 4.3 | 1.6–116.4 | 0.00 | |
Atlantic | F | 53 | 1902.5–1955 | 78.7 ± 2.5 | 6.0–129.1 | 0.02 | |
Atlantic | F | 48 | 1915.5–1963 | 69.4 ± 3.2 | 11.5–126 | 0.20 | |
Atlantic | M | 11.5 | 1918.5–1929.5 | 38.4 ± 6.8 | 8.9–143.9 | 0.12 | |
Pacifica | M | 2 | 2013–2015 | 3.3 ± 2.3 | 1.4–10.1 | 0.40 | |
Pacifica | M | 1.5 | 2013.5–2015 | 8.2 ± 7.9 | 2.6–24.0 | 0.95 | |
Atlantic | M | 18.5 | 1948.5–1964.5 | 25.2 ± 2.0 | 2.4–60.1 | 0.08 | |
Humpback | Pacifica | F | 45.5 | 1954.5–1999.5 | 26.7 ± 1.7 | 1.3–47.9 | 0.16 |
Pacifica | F | 59 | 1955–2014 | 28.6 ± 1.6 | 1.9–58.2 | 0.08 | |
Pacifica | F | 63 | 1940–2003 | 41.8 ± 1.2 | 14.5–69.2 | 0.16 | |
Atlantic | M | 16.5 | 1948.5–1964.5 | 89.5 ± 10.2 | 2.5–187.9 | 0.08 | |
Blue | Atlantic | F | 19.5 | 1935.5–1954.5 | 24.8 ± 2.7 | 1.4–60.3 | 0.00 |
Atlantic | F | 21 | 1934.5–1955 | 42.6 ± 4.8 | 3.3–110.8 | 0.19 | |
Atlantic | M | 11.5 | 1937–1948 | 55.8 ± 8.0 | 8.7–111.5 | 0.01 | |
Pacifica | M | 12 | 1995–2007 | 63.9 ± 7.1 | 43.9–156 | 0.13 |
