Fig. 4
From: Theory of photoinduced ultrafast switching to a spin-orbital ordered hidden phase
The electronic processes occuring in the photo-excited state. a Relaxation of charge excitations and the photo-excited state in the long-time limit. \(G^ < (\omega ,t)\) at ω > 0 corresponds to the distribution of 4-particle excitations at ω > 0 while \(G^ > (\omega ,t)\) at ω < 0 shows the distribution of doublons (see methods). The red solid line is the density of states (spectral function) at t = 50. b The charge excitations created by pulses perpendicular/parallel to the ferromagnetic plane. A parallel pulse (\(E\parallel x,y\)) creates spin-triplet excitations in process 4, while a perpendicular pulse (\(E\parallel z\)) is polarized along the AF-axis and directly creates spin-singlet excitations in process 3. Processes 1 and 2 indicate possible hopping processes of 4-particle excitations. The lattice site of the 4-particle excitation is of orange color. Blue arrows indicate the polarization of the electric field. c The non-equilibrium melting of spin and orbital order under a one-cycle electric field pulse of E0 = 0.6. The solid (dashed) lines show X3 (Sz) normalized by their initial values
